Understanding Core and Non-Core Vaccines: Which Does Your Pet Need?

Vaccinating your pet is a vital part of their healthcare routine, but not all vaccines are the same. In veterinary medicine, vaccines are classified as either core or non-core, depending on the diseases they protect against and the specific needs of individual pets. 

This guide explains the difference between core and non-core vaccines and how your vet decides what your pet needs.

What Are Core Vaccines?

Core vaccines are considered essential for all pets, regardless of their lifestyle or environment. These vaccines protect against diseases that are widespread, highly contagious, and often life-threatening. For pets in the UK, core vaccines include:

Core Vaccines for Dogs

Canine Distemper

A viral disease affecting the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems.

Canine Parvovirus

A highly contagious, frequently fatal, virus that causes severe vomiting and diarrhoea.

Infectious Canine Hepatitis

A viral infection that affects the liver, kidneys, and other organs.

Leptospirosis

A bacterial infection causing liver and kidney failure,  that can also be transmitted to humans (zoonotic).

Core Vaccines for Cats

Feline Panleukopenia

A severe and often fatal disease caused by a parvovirus.

Feline Herpesvirus

One of the causes of cat flu, which can lead to chronic respiratory issues.

Feline Calicivirus

Another common cause of cat flu.

These vaccines are crucial for protecting your pet from serious illnesses and for maintaining herd immunity within the pet population.

What Are Non-Core Vaccines?

Non-core vaccines are recommended based on a pet’s individual risk factors, such as their lifestyle, environment, and travel habits.

These vaccines protect against diseases that may not be a threat to every pet but are important in specific circumstances.

Non-Core Vaccines for Dogs

Kennel Cough (Bordetella bronchiseptica and Canine Parainfluenza)

Recommended for dogs that attend boarding kennels, dog shows, or group training classes.

Rabies

Required for pets travelling abroad under the UK Pet Travel Scheme.

Non-Core Vaccines for Cats:

Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV)

Recommended for cats that go outdoors and may come into contact with other cats.

Rabies

Necessary for cats travelling abroad.

How Does Your Vet Decide?

Your vet will assess your pet’s vaccination needs during a consultation. Factors that influence the decision include:

Age

Puppies and kittens typically require a series of initial vaccinations, followed by booster shots.

Lifestyle

Pets that spend time outdoors or around other animals may require additional protection.

Travel Plans

Vaccines like rabies are mandatory for international travel.

Health Status

Pets with certain medical conditions may need a modified vaccination schedule.

Your vet will also consider local disease prevalence and your pet’s previous vaccination history to create a tailored vaccination plan.

Why Are Boosters Important?

Vaccination isn’t a one-time event. Booster shots are necessary to maintain immunity against diseases over time. Your vet will schedule these boosters based on your pet’s specific needs and the type of vaccine.

Tailored Protection for Your Pet

Understanding the difference between core and non-core vaccines ensures that your pet receives the right protection for their needs. Regular consultations with your vet are key to keeping your pet’s vaccinations up to date and safeguarding their health.

If you’re unsure about your pet’s vaccination status, book an appointment with us today. Together, you can ensure your furry friend stays happy, healthy, and protected.

We believe preventing disease is a far better way of helping your pet stay fit, comfortable, happy and healthy. So we’ve created the Vital Pets Club to make sure every pet owner has easy access to the best pet care at an affordable price.